在20世纪的大部分时间里,南非由一个名为种族隔离的系统统治,这是一种南非荷兰语,意思是“分离”,它基于种族隔离制度。 “种族隔离”这个词是在1948年的选举中由DF马兰的Herenigde Nasionale党(HNP–“重聚的国家党”)引入的。但是,南非的种族隔离已经生效了几十年。事后看来,国家制定极端政策的方式不可避免。当南非联盟于1910年5月31日成立时,根据现在注册的波尔共和国Zuid Afrikaansche Repulick(ZAR-南非共和国或现在的标准),南非国民党人可以相对自由地重组该国的特许经营权。德兰士瓦)和橙色自由州。 Cape Colony的非白人有一些代表,但事实证明这是短暂的。种族隔离政策得到了各种南非荷兰语报纸和Afrikaner’文化运动’的支持,如Afrikaner Broederbond和Ossewabrandwag。在1948年的大选中,联合党实际上获得了多数选票。但由于在选举前操纵了该国选区的地理界限,Herenigde Nasionale党成功赢得了大多数选区,从而赢得了大选。 1951年,HNP和Afrikaner党正式合并成为国民党,成为种族隔离的代名词。几十年来,各种形式的立法被引入,将现有的黑人隔离扩大到有色人种和印第安人。最重要的行为是1950年第41号“集团区域法”,导致300多万人通过强制搬迁重新安置; 1950年第44号“共产主义制度法”,其措辞如此广泛,以至于几乎所有持不同政见的团体都可能被“禁止”; 1951年第68号“班图当局法”,它导致了班图斯坦人(最终是“独立的”家园)的创立;和土着人(废除通行证和协调文件)1952年第67号法令,尽管有其标题,却导致严格适用“通行法”。
加拿大卡尔加里大学社会学论文代写:了解南非的种族隔离时代
During most of the 20th century, South Africa was ruled by a system called Apartheid, an Afrikaans word meaning ‘apartness,’ which was based on a system of racial segregation. The term Apartheid was introduced during the 1948 election campaign by DF Malan’s Herenigde Nasionale Party (HNP – ‘Reunited National Party’). But racial segregation had been in force for many decades in South Africa. In hindsight, there is something of an inevitability in the way the country developed its extreme policies. When the Union of South Africa was formed on May 31, 1910, Afrikaner Nationalists were given a relatively free hand to reorganize the country’s franchise according to existing standards of the now-incorporated Boer republics, the Zuid Afrikaansche Repulick (ZAR – South African Republic or Transvaal) and Orange Free State. Non-whites in the Cape Colony had some representation, but this would prove to be short-lived. The Apartheid policy was supported by various Afrikaans newspapers and Afrikaner ‘cultural movements’ such as the Afrikaner Broederbond and Ossewabrandwag. The United Party actually gained the majority of votes in the 1948 general election. But due to the manipulation of the geographical boundaries of the country’s constituencies before the election, the Herenigde Nasionale Party managed to win the majority of constituencies, thereby winning the election. In 1951, the HNP and Afrikaner Party officially merged to form the National Party, which became synonymous with Apartheid. Over the decades, various forms of legislation were introduced which extended the existing segregation against Blacks to Coloureds and Indians. The most significant acts were the Group Areas Act No 41 of 1950, which led to over three million people being relocated through forced removals; the Suppression of Communism Act No 44 of 1950, which was so broadly worded that almost any dissident group could be ‘banned;’ the Bantu Authorities Act No 68 of 1951, which led to the creation of Bantustans (and ultimately ‘independent’ homelands); and the Natives (Abolition of Passes and Co-ordination of Documents) Act No 67 of 1952, which, despite its title, led to the rigid application of Pass Laws.