需求的交叉价格弹性(有时简称为“需求的交叉弹性”)表示当产品B的价格发生变化时,对一种产品的需求(我们称之为产品A)的变化程度。抽象,这可能看起来有点难以理解,但是一两个例子使这个概念变得清晰 – 这并不困难。假设你有幸进入希腊酸奶热潮的底层。希腊酸奶产品B非常受欢迎,允许您将单杯价格从每杯0.90美元提高到每杯1.50美元。现在,事实上,您可能会继续做得很好,但至少有些人会恢复到良好状态旧的非希腊酸奶(产品A)价格为.090美元/杯。通过改变产品B的价格,你增加了对产品A的需求,即使它们不是高度相似的产品。事实上,他们可以非常相似或完全不同 – 关键点在于经常会有一些当另一个产品的价格发生变化时,对一种产品的需求之间存在相关性,强弱,甚至负相关。在其他时候,可能没有相关性。阿司匹林的例子显示了当商品A的价格上涨时对优质商品B的需求会发生什么变化。制造商A的价格上涨,其阿司匹林产品(有许多替代品)的需求减少。由于阿司匹林可以广泛使用,因此这些许多其他品牌的价格可能不会大幅增加;但是,在只有少数替代品或可能只有一种替代品的情况下,可能会标明需求增加。汽油与电动汽车是一个有趣的例子。在实践中,确实只有少数汽车替代品:汽油汽车,柴油和电动汽车。你会记得,汽油和柴油的价格自20世纪80年代后期以来一直非常不稳定。由于美国一些西海岸城市的汽油价格达到每加仑5美元,对电动汽车的需求增加。然而,自2014年以来汽油价格下跌。随之而来的是,对电动车的需求随之下降,使汽车制造商陷入了一种特殊的束缚。他们需要出售电动车以保持其车队里程数平均下降,但消费者开始再次购买汽油卡车和更大的汽油车。迫使制造商 – 菲亚特/道奇就是一个例子 – 将电子产品的价格降低到实际生产成本以下,以便继续销售汽油动力卡车和肌肉车而不会引发联邦政府的惩罚。

加拿大谢布鲁克大学论文代写:阿司匹林

The cross-price elasticity of demand (sometimes referred to as “cross-elasticity of demand”) indicates the degree of change in demand for a product (we call it Product A) when the price of product B changes. Abstraction, this may seem a bit hard to understand, but one or two examples make this concept clear – it’s not difficult. Suppose you have the privilege of entering the bottom of the Greek yogurt boom. Greek yogurt product B is very popular, allowing you to increase the price of a single cup from $0.90 per cup to $1.50 per cup. Now, in fact, you may continue to do well, but at least some people will return to good condition. The price of the old non-Greek yogurt (Product A) is $.090/cup. By changing the price of product B, you increase the demand for product A, even if they are not highly similar products. In fact, they can be very similar or completely different – the key point is that there is often a correlation, strength, and even negative correlation between the demand for a product when the price of another product changes. At other times, there may be no relevance. The example of aspirin shows what happens to the demand for quality good B when the price of commodity A rises. The price of manufacturer A has risen and the demand for its aspirin products (with many alternatives) has decreased. Since aspirin is widely available, the price of many of these other brands may not increase significantly; however, in the case of only a few alternatives or possibly only one alternative, an increase in demand may be indicated. Gasoline and electric cars are an interesting example. In practice, there are indeed only a few car replacements: petrol cars, diesel and electric cars. As you will recall, the price of gasoline and diesel has been very unstable since the late 1980s. Demand for electric vehicles has increased as gasoline prices in some West Coast cities in the United States have reached $5 per gallon. However, gasoline prices have fallen since 2014. As a result, the demand for electric vehicles has fallen, leaving automakers in a special constraint. They need to sell electric cars to keep their fleet mileage down on average, but consumers are starting to buy gasoline trucks and larger gasoline cars again. Forcing manufacturers – Fiat / Dodge is an example – lowering the price of electronic products below actual production costs in order to continue selling gasoline-powered trucks and muscle cars without incurring federal penalties.

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